New Vocabularies: Explain, Borrow, Deduction, Disobey, Beach, Bullying, Frequently, Predict, Community.
POLITENESS In groups, talk about a situation where you asked for help from your teacher, friend, or a senior. Then, write down a few sentences which contain Can, Could, May, Must, Have to, Might, Should, and highlight them.
দলে ভাগ হয়ে এমন একটি অবস্থার কথা চিন্তা করো, যখন তোমাকে বলা হলো এমন কারো সাহায্য চাও; যিনি তোমার শিক্ষক, বন্ধু অথবা তোমার চাইতে বয়সে বড়। তারপর কিছু বাক্য লেখ যেগুলোতে Can, Could, May, Might, Have to, Should এর প্রাধান্য থাকবে। POLITENESS
POLITENESS
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Now try to find answers to the following questions in the group discussion.
What do the highlighted words mean?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
What are they called?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
How are they different from other auxiliary verbs?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Read the conversations.
Polite Request by using ‘Can, Could, May’
Suppose a student is seeking help from a teacher, and the conversation is like-
Student: May I come in sir?
Teacher: Yes, please.
Student: Sir, I didn’t understand this topic. Can you please explain this again, sir?
Teacher: Sure. I will. But before I explain, you should read chapter two from this book.
Student: I don’t have this book. Can I please borrow your book?
Teacher: Sure. But return it to me in two days. Read attentively or you will fail to understand the topic. POLITENESS
Student: I will sir. Thank you so much.
Teacher: Welcome.
Read the note on the uses of modal verb. Now work in pairs and find out the mistakes in the following sentences and write the correct sentences. Then share the sentences with the class.
Modal Verb ব্যবহারের নিচের Note টি পড়ো। এখন দলে ভাগ হয়ে নিচের বাক্যগুলো থেকে ভুল খুঁজে বের করো এবং সঠিক বাক্যটি লেখ। তারপর শ্রেণিতে বাক্যগুলো Share করো। POLITENESS
| Note: ১. বিভিন্ন Subject এর সাথে Modal Verb এর পরিবর্তন হয় না। ২ . Modal এর পরে to বসে না। ৩. Modal এর পরে not ব্যবহৃত হয়। Modal এর পূর্বে কখনও don’t/ doesn’t/did’t/isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t |
We use ‘Must, Would, Have to’ for Obligation and to indicate Possibility we use ‘Might’.
(বাধ্যবাধকতা অর্থে আমরা Must, Would, Have to করি এবং সম্ভাবনা অর্থে Might ব্যবহার করি।) POLITENESS
Suppose two friends are planning to go to a picnic, and the conversation is like –
Ratna: Hi Jibon, we are going on a picnic the next week. Would you love to join us?
Jibon: I would like to join you. But I must take permission from my parents. Ratna: Ok. I think they will allow you.
Jibon: They might allow me. And I have to take some preparation for it. Ratna: That’s good. I hope you will join us. POLITENESS
Jibon: I hope so.
| Note: 1. Modal verb do not change form with different subjects.( Subject 4 সাথে Modal verb এর পরিবর্তন হয় না। Example- He can swim. He cans swim. X (not correct) 2. Use a base verb after a modal. Do not use ‘to’. ( Modal verb ব্যবহার করো। To ব্যবহার করো না । Example- He might join the class party. He might to join the class party. X (not correct) 3. Use not after modal. Do not use don’t, doesn’t, isn’t, aren’t, wasn’t, or won’t. (Modal , don’t, doesn’t, isn’t, aren’t, wasn’t or won’t ব্যবহৃত হয় না। POLITENESS not Example- You should not disobey the traffic rules. You don’t should disobey the traffic rules. X (not correct) |
| a) I don’t can do the exercise. |
| b) You must to give up bad habits. |
| c) She will returns soon. |
| d) My friend mights help us. |
| e) My grandma can to stay with us. |
In groups, make sentences of your own using the given modal verbs.
দলে ভাগ হয়ে নিচের দেয়া Modal Verb ব্যবহার করে নতুন বাক্য তৈরি করো। POLITENESS
| Request politely | |
|---|---|
| Modal Verb | Sentence |
| Can | |
| Could | |
| May |
| Obligation | |
|---|---|
| Modal Verb | Sentence |
| Must | |
| Have to |
| Possibilit | |
|---|---|
| Modal Verb | Sentence |
| May | |
| Might |
Activity for Polite Requests.
Suppose that you have gone on a trip to Cox’s Bazar. You need to know something about this new place. You want to ask the following questions written below. Now, rewrite these questions/sentences in polite form.
i. What time, is it?
………………………you tell me what time it is? POLITENESS
ii. Where is the nearest hotel?
………………………….you tell me where the nearest hotel is?
iii. Where is the ATM booth?
……………….you tell where the ATM booth is?
iv. Give me a change for a hundred taka note.
……………………..I have a change for a hundred taka note?
v. What would be the best route to the beach?
………………………………..you tell me what the best route to the beach would be?
See the illustrations and respond to the situations in writing.
নিচের ছবিগুলো দেখ এবং তাদের লিখিত বর্ণনা দাও।
Situation 1
Jibon wants to borrow a pen from Ratna. What should Ratna do?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Situation 2
Someone is bullying your friend. What can you do?
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Situation 3
In Bangladesh, road accidents occur frequently. What can be done to avoid road accidents?
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Situation 4
One of your friends was absent from the class on Sunday. Now, how can you help him?
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Situation 5
Cloudy Sky. Now, predict the weather.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Complete the writing.
Write down 10 sentences using modal verbs about “your responsibility as a student towards yourself and your community”. For example, you can start with:
Modal Verb ব্যবহার করে দশটি বাক্য লেখো- “ছাত্র হিসেবে নিজের ও সমাজের প্রতি তোমার দায়িত্ব।” উদাহরণস্বরূপ তুমি নিচের মত করে শুরু করতে পারো।
As a student, I must study regularly. I should not waste my time……………….
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